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Report on National Quality Inspection of 7 Kinds of Home Appliances

Time：

2023-03-31

The quality of 7 types of household electrical appliances is reported in the national standard, involving products such as room air conditioners, refrigerators, household electric washing machines, indoor heaters, water storage electric water heaters, range hoods, and electromagnetic stoves.

Report on National Supervision and Random Inspection of the Quality of Household Electrical Appliances in 2022

In 2022, the General Administration of Market Supervision organized national supervision and random inspection of the quality of household electrical appliances. The spot check is hereby reported as follows:

1、 Basic information

（1） Overview of spot checks. This random inspection inspected 705 batches of household appliances produced by 650 enterprises, involving 7 products such as room air conditioners, refrigerators, household electric washing machines, indoor heaters, water storage electric water heaters, range hoods, and electromagnetic stoves. 124 batches of products were found to be unqualified, with a random inspection failure rate of 17.6%. 145 items of 7 products were inspected, including 106 safety items, accounting for 73.1% of the total number of inspection items. Among the 124 batches of unqualified products found in the spot check, 78 batches of product safety items were unqualified, accounting for 62.9%.

（2） Track and spot check the situation. This tracking spot check has found 47 unqualified enterprises in the previous spot check, of which 15 enterprises still have unqualified products and 32 enterprises have qualified products.

2、 Analysis of spot check results

1、 The unqualified rate of room air conditioners in random inspection was 9.1%.

In this random inspection of 33 batches of products produced by 30 enterprises in 10 provinces (regions, cities), it was found that 3 batches of products were unqualified, with a random inspection failure rate of 9.1%, an increase of 2.8 percentage points compared to the previous random inspection. The unqualified rate of this product in random inspection in the past three years is 9.1%, 6.3%, and 9.1%, respectively.

This spot check focuses on 28 items such as the input power and current of the room air conditioner, protection against touching live parts, moisture resistance, leakage current, electrical strength, mechanical strength, and energy efficiency level, among which 12 are safety items, accounting for 42.9%.
Nonconforming items found include protection against touching live parts, input power and current, energy efficiency level, rated intermediate cooling capacity, rated cooling consumption power, rated cooling capacity, and terminal disturbance voltage. Among them, one batch of product safety items failed to protect against touching live parts, and one batch of product safety items failed to provide input power and current.

The above random inspection mainly involves products produced by enterprises in Guangdong Province and Zhejiang Province in the industrial agglomeration area. They conduct random inspection on 13 batches and 5 batches respectively, with the failure rate of 0% and 20.0% respectively.

2、 The unqualified rate of refrigerator spot check is 20.2%.

In this random inspection of 99 batches of products produced by 99 enterprises in 12 provinces (regions, municipalities), 20 batches of products were found to be unqualified, with a random inspection failure rate of 20.2%, up 3.5 percentage points from the previous random inspection. The unqualified rate of this product through random inspection in the past three years is 19.7%, 16.7%, and 20.2%, respectively.

This spot check focuses on 22 items such as the input power and current of refrigerators, protection against contact with live parts, grounding measures, screws and connections, noise, storage temperature, freezing capacity, power consumption, and energy efficiency level, among which 14 are safety items, accounting for 63.6%.

Nonconforming items found involve protection against touching live parts, grounding measures, noise, terminal disturbance voltage, power consumption, energy efficiency level, total volume, freezing capacity, and storage temperature. Among them, 5 batches of product safety projects failed to meet the requirements for protection against touching live parts, and 2 batches of product safety projects failed to meet the requirements for grounding measures. According to the analysis of the technical organization, the main reason for the unqualified protection items for touching live parts is that the product structure design is unreasonable, and users may touch live parts that are only protected with basic insulation; The main reason for unqualified grounding measures is that the clamping device of the grounding terminal is not sufficiently firm.

The above random inspections mainly involve products produced by enterprises in Zhejiang, Guangdong, and Shandong provinces, which are industrial clusters. They randomly inspect 32 batches, 18 batches, and 13 batches of products, respectively, with a failure rate of 25.0%, 27.8%, and 15.4%.

3、 The unqualified rate of household electric washing machines in random inspection was 14.2%.

In this random inspection of 120 batches of products produced by 119 enterprises in 13 provinces (cities), 17 batches of products were found to be unqualified, with a random inspection failure rate of 14.2%, a decrease of 2.9 percentage points compared to the previous random inspection. The unqualified rate of this product through random inspection in the past three years is 15.2%, 17.1%, and 14.2%, respectively.

This spot check focuses on 22 items such as the input power and current of household electric washing machines, protection against contact with live parts, heat generation, leakage current, electrical strength, stability and mechanical hazards, grounding measures, noise, energy efficiency levels, and rinsing performance, among which 16 are safety items, accounting for 72.7%.

Nonconforming items found include structure, protection against contact with live parts, power connections and external cords, dehydration rate, energy efficiency level, disturbance power, radiation disturbance, terminal disturbance voltage, and noise. Among them, there are 4 batches of products with unqualified safety project structure. According to the analysis of the technical organization, the main reason for the disqualification is that there is no discharge resistance circuit at both ends of the filter capacitor.

The above random inspections mainly involve products produced by enterprises in Zhejiang, Anhui, Guangdong, and Jiangsu provinces in the industrial agglomeration areas. They randomly inspect 58 batches, 16 batches, 10 batches, and 10 batches of products, with the failure rates of 12.1%, 18.8%, 10.0%, and 20.0%, respectively.

4、 The unqualified rate of indoor heater spot check is 20.5%.

This random inspection in the circulation field covered 122 batches of products produced by 121 enterprises in 11 provinces (regions, cities). 25 batches of products were found to be unqualified, with a random inspection failure rate of 20.5%, up 4.9 percentage points from the previous random inspection. The unqualified rate of this product through random inspection in the past three years is 12.1%, 15.6%, and 20.5%, respectively.

This spot check focuses on 16 safety items such as the input power and current of indoor heaters, protection against touching live parts, heating, leakage current and electrical strength at operating temperature, leakage current and electrical strength, abnormal operation, stability, and mechanical hazards.

Discovering nonconforming items involves protection against contact with live parts, input power and current, grounding measures, internal wiring, stability and mechanical hazards, screws and connections, leakage current and electrical strength at operating temperature, leakage current and electrical strength, and moisture resistance. Among them, 13 batches of products failed to meet the protection requirements for touching live parts, and 9 batches of products failed to meet the input power and current requirements. According to the analysis of the technical organization, the main reason for the unqualified protection items for touching live parts is the unreasonable product design; The main reason for unqualified input power and current items is that the power parameters of the heating element are not strictly controlled, resulting in excessive deviation between the actual power of the heating element and the design parameters.

The above random inspection mainly involves products produced by enterprises in Zhejiang Province and Guangdong Province in the industrial agglomeration areas. They randomly inspect 63 batches and 32 batches, with the unqualified rate of 30.2% and 6.3% respectively.

5、 The unqualified rate of water storage electric water heaters in random inspection is 11.4%.

In this random inspection of 123 batches of products produced by 120 enterprises in 10 provinces (cities), 14 batches of products were found to be unqualified, with the unqualified rate of 11.4%, a decrease of 3.2 percentage points compared to the previous random inspection. The unqualified rate of this product through random inspection in the past three years is 12.1%, 14.6%, and 11.4%, respectively.

This spot check focuses on 18 items such as the input power and current of water storage electric water heaters, protection against touching live parts, heat generation, moisture resistance, leakage current, electrical strength, abnormal operation, and energy efficiency level. In addition to capacity and energy efficiency level, the remaining 16 projects are safety projects.

Nonconforming items found involve structures, protection against touching live parts, power connections and external flexible cords, grounding measures, energy efficiency levels, and capacity. Among them, there are 3 batches of products with unqualified structure, and 2 batches of products with unqualified protection against touching live parts.

The above random inspection mainly involves 89 batches of products produced by 88 enterprises in the industrial cluster area of Guangdong Province, accounting for 72.4% of the total number of random inspection batches. Among them, 11 batches of products were found to be unqualified, with a spot check failure rate of 12.4%.

6、 The unqualified rate of range hood random inspection is 18.3%.

In this random inspection of 82 batches of products produced by 80 enterprises in 5 provinces, 15 batches of products were found to be unqualified, with a random inspection failure rate of 18.3%, a decrease of 0.2 percentage points compared to the previous random inspection. The unqualified rate of this product through random inspection in the past three years is 18.2%, 18.5%, and 18.3%, respectively.

This spot check focuses on 19 items such as the input power and current of the range hood, protection against touching live parts, heat generation, leakage current, and electrical strength, abnormal operation, stability, and mechanical hazards, noise, and energy efficiency levels. Except for energy efficiency level, air performance, and noise, the rest are safety projects.

Nonconforming items found include structures, terminals for external conductors, grounding measures, power connections and external flexible cords, protection against contact with live parts, mechanical strength, leakage current, and electrical strength, screws and connections, energy efficiency levels, air performance, and noise. Among them, there are 3 batches of unqualified product structure. According to the analysis of the technical organization, the main reasons for the disqualification of the structural item are the use of self-tapping screws in the product, the absence of devices to prevent the range hood from tipping over and falling off the supporting object, and the failure to remove the sharp edges of the oil cup and oil net.

The above random inspection mainly involves products produced in the industrial agglomeration areas of Guangdong Province and Zhejiang Province, with 53 batches and 22 batches being randomly inspected, and the unqualified rate being 24.5% and 4.5% respectively.

7、 The unqualified rate of electromagnetic cooker spot check was 23.8%.

This random inspection in the circulation field covered 126 batches of products produced by 81 enterprises in 9 provinces (regions, cities), and 30 batches of products were found to be unqualified. The random inspection failure rate was 23.8%, a decrease of 30.3 percentage points compared to the previous random inspection. The unqualified rate of this product through random inspection in the past three years is 12.1%, 54.1%, and 23.8%, respectively.

This spot check focuses on 20 items such as the input power and current, heat generation, moisture resistance, abnormal operation, stability and mechanical hazards, mechanical strength, energy efficiency level, and terminal disturbance voltage of the electromagnetic cooker. Except for energy efficiency level, terminal disturbance voltage, radiation disturbance, and noise, the rest are safety items.

Nonconforming items include abnormal operation, mechanical strength, protection against touching live parts, structure, energy efficiency level, radiation disturbance, and terminal disturbance voltage. Among them, 26 batches of products were unqualified for abnormal work items, and 4 batches of products were unqualified for mechanical strength items. According to the analysis of the technical organization, the main reason for disqualification of abnormal work items is that in the event of thermistor failure or misoperation of the product, there is no temperature control device for overtemperature protection, and the power supply cannot be cut off in a timely manner. The main reason for unqualified mechanical strength items is insufficient strength of grid materials.

The above key spot checks examined 100 batches of products produced by 65 enterprises in the industrial cluster area of Guangdong Province, accounting for 79.4% of the total number of spot checks. Among them, 29 batches of products were unqualified, with a spot check failure rate of 29.0%.

3、 Relevant requirements

In response to the problems found in this national supervision and random inspection of product quality, relevant provincial bureaus should do the following work well:

（1） Strengthen the handling of random inspection results. Handle the supervision and random inspection results in accordance with the "Product Quality Law of the People's Republic of China", "Interim Measures for the Management of Product Quality Supervision and Random Inspection", and other regulations. Measures such as sealing up and detaining unqualified products found through supervision and random inspection shall be taken according to law, and it is strictly prohibited for enterprises to leave the factory for sale. For unqualified enterprises, especially those found in the last spot check, further clarify the rectification requirements, strictly supervise the implementation of rectification measures, and promptly organize a review. Those suspected of committing crimes shall be promptly transferred to judicial authorities. The serious illegal and dishonest enterprises will be included in the list of serious illegal and dishonest enterprises for management according to law. The results should be promptly entered into the e-CQS system. The General Administration will strengthen tracking and supervision, and report the handling results to various regions as appropriate.

（2） Carry out special quality rectification. Market supervision departments in production enterprise clusters in Zhejiang Province, Guangdong Province, and other provinces should carry out special rectification, strengthen supervision and inspection of key enterprises within their jurisdiction, comprehensively use various means, maintain a high-pressure situation in quality supervision, seriously handle illegal activities, and improve the quality and safety level.

（3） Urge the implementation of main responsibilities. Inform relevant local governments and departments of the situation of unqualified products in this supervision and random inspection, take effective measures to urge enterprises to implement the main responsibility for product quality and safety, organize production and sales in strict accordance with standards and laws, and ensure product quality and safety.

（4） Strengthen quality and technical assistance. Organize relevant industry organizations and technical institutions to help enterprises find out the causes in depth, propose improvement measures and solutions, and promote the improvement of industry quality level.