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◉ Introduction to Surface Water Testing
Surface water refers to the general term for all kinds of liquid and solid water that exist on the surface of the earth's crust and are exposed to the atmosphere, including rivers, lakes, glaciers, swamps, channels, reservoirs and other waters. Snow accumulates and is naturally lost to the ocean or is lost through evaporation and seeps into the ground.
Surface water detection is to sample, detect, record or send out signals for surface water that has the function of use.
◉ Classification of Surface Waters
The classification of surface waters is based on the environmental functions and protection objectives of surface waters, and is divided into five categories in order of function:
Class I: mainly applicable to source water and national nature reserves;
Class II: Mainly applicable to the first-class protected areas of surface water sources for centralized drinking water, habitats for rare aquatic organisms, spawning grounds for fish and shrimp, and feeding grounds for juveniles and juveniles;
Class III: Mainly applicable to the secondary protection areas of centralized drinking water surface water sources, fish and shrimp wintering grounds, migration channels, aquaculture areas and other fishery waters and swimming areas;
Class IV: mainly applicable to general industrial water areas and recreational water areas that are not in direct contact with the human body;
Category V: Mainly applicable to agricultural water areas and waters with general landscape requirements.
Corresponding to the above-mentioned five types of water functions of surface water, the basic project standards of the surface water environmental quality standard are divided into five categories, and the standard values of the corresponding categories are implemented for different functional categories. The standard value of high water area function category is stricter than the standard value of low water area function category. If there are multiple types of use functions in the same water area, the standard value corresponding to the highest function type shall be implemented. The realization of water area functions and the category standards of up-to-standard functions have the same meaning.
◉ Test Items
(1) River water:
Required items: water temperature, pH, suspended solids, total hardness, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, permanganate index, five-day biochemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, volatile phenol, cyanide, Fluoride, sulfate, chloride, hexavalent chromium, total mercury, total arsenic, cadmium, lead, copper, coliforms.
Selected items: sulfide, salinity, non-ionic ammonia, Kjeldahl nitrogen, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, soluble iron, total manganese, total zinc, selenium, petroleum, anionic surfactants, organochlorine pesticides , benzo (α) pyrene, acrolein, benzene, total organic carbon, etc.
(2) Source of drinking water:
Required items: water temperature, pH, suspended solids, total hardness, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, permanganate index, five-day biochemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, volatile phenol, cyanide, Fluoride, sulfate, chloride, hexavalent chromium, total mercury, total arsenic, cadmium, lead, copper, coliforms, total bacteria.
Selected test items: iron, manganese, copper, zinc, selenium, silver, turbidity, chemical oxygen demand, anionic surfactant, hexahexahexanol, DDT, benzo (α) pyrene, total alpha radioactivity, total beta radioactivity, etc. .
(3) Lakes and reservoirs:
Required items: water temperature, pH, suspended solids, total hardness, transparency, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, dissolved oxygen, permanganate index, five-day biochemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, volatilization Phenol, cyanide, fluoride, hexavalent chromium, total mercury, total arsenic, cadmium, lead, copper, chlorophyll a.
Selected test items: potassium, sodium, zinc, sulfate, chloride, conductivity, total dissolved solids, aggressive carbon dioxide, free carbon dioxide, total alkalinity, carbonate, bicarbonate, coliform, etc.
◉ Related Standards
"Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water" GB 3838-2002
"Technical Specification for Surface Water and Sewage Monitoring" HJ/T 91-2022
◉ Compliance Services
As a professional third-party testing and certification service organization, Jiayu Testing has qualifications such as CMA, CNAS, and occupational health technical service institutions. In the field of environmental testing, it currently has more than 1000 CMA testing parameters, covering water and wastewater, air and exhaust gas, soil and sediment, noise and vibration, and solid waste toxicity identification. The laboratory is built and managed strictly in accordance with standards, equipped with advanced instruments and equipment, and has a professional technical team with superb skills. It has rich industry service experience and strong testing technology capabilities. Based on the principles of objectivity and fairness, it provides authoritative testing reports with legal effect to the society, and provides full chain environmental risk management support for enterprises and regulatory departments. Welcome to contact us at 400-9269-886!
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