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Dyestuffs are commonly added raw materials in ceramics, coatings, plastic products, especially textiles. These products, when applied with dyes, can add aesthetics and meet individual needs. However, some dyes also contain sensitizing and carcinogenic substances, such as the well-known Sudan red, which is carcinogenic to human liver, bladder and other organs, while disperse blue 3 dyes are irritating to human eyes.
◉ Sensitizing Dyes
Allergenic dyes refer to certain dyes that can cause skin, mucous membranes or respiratory tract allergies in humans or animals. Human inhalation allergies are mainly concentrated in the respiratory tract and mucous membranes, and some reactive dyes (which can be divided into granular and liquid forms) can cause such sensitization.
Internationally, there are some differences in the conformity assessment standards formulated by different buyers for the detection limit value of allergenic disperse dyes for textile upper limit. The 2006 version of Oeko-Tex Standard 100 and my country's national standard GB/T 18885 "Technical Requirements for Ecological Textiles" stipulate that 20 kinds of products are restricted, and the qualified limit value of allergenic dyes is 0.006%, that is, 60 mg/kg. It is specified as 50 mg/Kg in the 2008 edition of Oeko-Tex Standard 100. In fact, there are also many internationally renowned buyers who stipulate that allergenic disperse dyes (below the detection limit) should not be detected on the samples.
Banned allergenic dyes Number English name of dye Chinese name of dye CAS No.
1# Disperse Blue 1 Disperse Blue 1 2475-45-8
2# Disperse Blue 3 2475-46-9
3# Disperse Blue 7 Disperse Blue 7 3179-90-6
4# Disperse Blue 26 Disperse Blue 26 3860-63-7
5# Disperse Blue 35 Disperse Blue 35 12222-75-2
6# Disperse Blue 102 Disperse Blue 102 69766-79-6
7# Disperse Blue 106 Disperse Blue 106 12223-01-7
8# Disperse Blue 124 Disperse Blue 124 61951-51-7
9# Disperse Brown 1 Disperse Brown1 23355-64-8
10# Disperse Orange 1 Disperse Orange 1 2581-69-3
11# Disperse Orange 3 Disperse Orange 3 730-40-5
12# Disperse Orange 37/76 Disperse Orange 37/76 13301-61-6
13# Disperse Red 1 Disperse Red 1 2872-52-8
14# Disperse Red 11 Disperse Red 11 2872-48-2
15# Disperse Red 17 Disperse Red 17 3179-89-3
16# Disperse Yellow 1 Disperse Yellow 1 119-15-3
17# Disperse Yellow 3 Disperse Yellow 3 2832-40-8
18# Disperse Yellow 9 Disperse Yellow 9 6373-73-5
19# Disperse Yellow 39 Disperse Yellow 39 12236-29-2
20# Disperse Yellow 49 Disperse Yellow 49 54824-37-2
21# Disperse Yellow 23 Disperse Yellow 23 6250-23-3
22# Disperse Orange 149 Disperse Orange 149 85136-74-9
◉ Carcinogenic Dyes
The carcinogenicity of dyes refers to the properties of certain dyes that cause tumors or carcinogenesis in human or animal bodies. There are many reasons for its carcinogenicity. One is that it is decomposed under certain conditions to produce carcinogenic chemicals. For example, some azo dyes will decompose under reducing conditions to produce carcinogenic aromatic amines; the other is that the dye itself directly interacts with the human body. Or long-term contact with animals will cause cancer, which is the carcinogenic dye referred to in this project.
The EU Directive 1999/43/EC and the European Commission's Eco-label for Textile Eco-labels (EU 2002/371/EC Decision) prohibit the sale and use of 9 carcinogenic dyes, as shown in the following table - Eco-textile standards issued by the International Environmental Textile Association . The 2008 version of Oeko-Tex Standard 100 requires the detection limit of each harmful dye in textiles to be 50 mg/Kg, and puts forward quantitative requirements for the detection of carcinogenic dyes in textiles. With the increasing concept of eco-textiles, many internationally renowned buyers stipulate that carcinogenic dyes must not be detected (below the detection limit) on their samples.
Banned carcinogenic dyes Number English name of dye Chinese name of dye CAS No.
1# Acid Red 26 Acid Red 26 3761-53-3
2# Basic Red 9 Basic Red 9 569-61-9
3# Basic Violet 14 HCl Basic Violet 14 632-99-5
4# Direct Black 38 1937-37-7
5# Direct Blue 6 Direct Blue 6 2602-46-2
6# Direct Red 28 Direct Red 28 573-58-0
7# Disperse Blue 1 Disperse Blue 1 2475-45-8
8# Disperse Orange 11 82-28-0
9# Disperse Yellow 3 Disperse Yellow 3 2832-40-8
The 9 carcinogenic dyes in the above table were detected by DIN 54231:2005-11 and § 64 LFGB B, 82.02-10: 2007-03, and the detection limit reached 5 mg/Kg, which met the requirements of EU regulations.
◉ Detection Method
Sensitizing dyes can mainly be determined by liquid chromatography-diode array detector method, and uncertain samples can be qualitatively determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
The detection method of carcinogenic dyes is the same as that of sensitizing dyes, which are mainly determined by liquid chromatography-diode array detector method.
◉ Compliance Services
As a professional third-party testing and certification service organization, Jiayu Testing has qualifications such as CMA, CNAS, CBTL, CPSC, and has obtained laboratory accreditation from multiple authoritative certification agencies at home and abroad. The laboratory is strictly built and managed according to standards, equipped with advanced instruments and equipment, and has a skilled professional technical team with rich industry service experience and strong testing technology capabilities. It is proficient in various regulatory standards and provides testing services for allergenic and carcinogenic dyes to assist enterprises in actively responding to regulatory requirements and effectively improving product compliance. Welcome to contact us at 400-9269-886!
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