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◉ Introduction to Agricultural Environmental Monitoring
Agricultural environmental monitoring is the process of monitoring and measuring some representative values of agricultural environmental quality intermittently or continuously over a period of time, with the pollutants in the agricultural environment and their harm to agricultural organisms as the core. The representative values of agricultural environmental quality include the concentration of pollutants, energy, the intensity of pollution and its changes and the impact on the environment.
◉ The Purpose of Agricultural Environmental Monitoring
Agricultural environmental monitoring is not only an important technical means of agricultural environmental management, but also an important part of human survival environmental monitoring. Residues and accumulation dynamics in agricultural, livestock and aquatic products ensure the safety of agricultural products and human health, and provide a scientific basis for agricultural environmental management.
Agricultural environmental monitoring can be divided into three categories according to their purpose and nature:
(1) Routine monitoring. Also known as surveillance monitoring or routine monitoring, it is the main body of monitoring work. It is to analyze and test the content of agricultural environmental elements, agricultural chemicals and pollutants in agricultural products on a regular and fixed-point basis. It is necessary to select a group of representative areas, establish fixed monitoring points, and conduct long-term monitoring of some representative values of agricultural environmental quality in accordance with unified monitoring technical specifications. Dynamic changes reveal the problems existing in the agricultural environment and the degree of harm to agriculture, animal husbandry and fishery production. Therefore, routine monitoring needs to be completed through the coordination of agricultural environmental monitoring networks at all levels, and should be gradually developed towards continuous and automated development.
(2) Special purpose monitoring. Also known as emergency monitoring, it generally serves specific purposes, such as monitoring of agricultural environmental pollution accidents, arbitration monitoring (solving conflicts in the process of environmental law enforcement, and providing the required data on arbitration results to the judicial department), consulting monitoring (according to the advice of the consulting unit. specific requirements, determine and provide relevant data and information).
(3) Research monitoring. It refers to the law of the migration, transformation, concentration and accumulation of pollutants along the food chain after passive and plant absorption of different pollutants from various pollution sources into the agricultural ecosystem.
◉ Agricultural Environmental Monitoring Tasks
(1) Master the quality of agricultural environment, determine the spatial and temporal distribution of pollutants and pollution paths, predict the development and change trend of the agricultural environment, and provide a basis for formulating agricultural environmental protection plans and planning.
(2) Through monitoring, determine the degree of harm to agricultural environmental quality and agricultural products in different concentration ranges of various pollutants, and provide a basis for formulating various agricultural environmental quality standards and agricultural product safety and hygiene standards in combination with my country's national conditions.
(3) Provide a basis for the safe and rational use of these substances by monitoring agricultural chemicals and wastes entering the agricultural environment such as garbage, sludge, fly ash, etc. to guide the rational use of chemical fertilizers, safe use of chemical pesticides, safe, Rational use of urban and industrial waste, turning harm into profit, is conducive to agricultural production and agricultural environment.
(4) Conduct pollution accident monitoring and arbitration monitoring, provide a basis for timely handling of pollution accidents, and provide legal technical support for protecting the legitimate rights and interests of agricultural producers
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